Immigration Law · The Court of Appeal of England and Wales (Civil Division)
MB, R (on the application of) v Secretary of State for the Home Department
Checked against the judgment on 4 September 2026 · how we verify
Facts
MB is an Albanian national born on 26 December 1993 who arrived in the United Kingdom in August 2023 after accumulating a gambling debt of £11,000 owed to a man he named as Artur. Responding to an advertisement for work abroad placed by a man he named as Arben, he travelled via Greece and Holland and was brought by boat to the United Kingdom, where he was taken to a house in Rotherham and made to tend cannabis plants. The house was raided by police on 8 December 2023 and he was arrested; on 9 January 2024 he was convicted of production of a class B drug and sentenced to one year and four months' imprisonment. A referral to the National Referral Mechanism produced a positive Reasonable Grounds decision and, on 5 April 2024, a Conclusive Grounds decision recognising him as a victim of modern slavery. On 6 November 2024 the Secretary of State refused his protection and human rights claims, certified them as clearly unfounded under section 94(1) of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 and signed a deportation order; he was deported to Albania. Upper Tribunal Judge Pinder granted judicial review of the certification and later ordered his return to the United Kingdom. The Secretary of State appealed.
What did the court decide?
Four things on this page are for subscribers:
- The decision: what the court actually held
- The issues: the questions it had to answer
- The reasoning: how it got there, in its own logic
- The case history: every step, court by court
CaseLawDigest reads every judgment published on Find Case Law for England and Wales, files it by practice area, and writes a summary a practitioner can use. One weekly PDF per area, and the full archive here.
One practice area is £19 a month, and the weekly PDF lands in your inbox.
See the plans Or take the free digestOn your firm’s subscription? Set up your access. Already have an account? Sign in.